Rectal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the rectum, which is the last few inches of the large intestine. The exact cause of rectal cancer is unknown, but potential risk factors include age, family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, a diet high in processed or red meat, and a sedentary lifestyle. Early stage rectal cancer may not cause any symptoms, but as the cancer progresses, symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy, and treatment may involve surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer.

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