Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects the plasma cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies in the body. The exact cause of multiple myeloma is unknown, but potential risk factors include older age, male gender, African American ethnicity, a family history of multiple myeloma or other plasma cell disorders, exposure to radiation, certain chemicals, and some viruses. Symptoms of multiple myeloma may include bone pain, anemia, fatigue, kidney dysfunction, and recurrent infections. Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests, urine tests, and bone marrow biopsy, and treatment may involve chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplantation, depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer.

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