Hyperkinetic disorder, also known as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The causes of ADHD are not fully understood, but genetics and environmental factors such as prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco, premature birth, and brain injuries are known to increase the risk. Children with ADHD are often diagnosed between the ages of 6 and 12, but symptoms can persist into adulthood and impact daily functioning in multiple areas, including academic and social interactions. Treatment options include behavioral therapy, medication, or a combination of both.

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